Surrealism in the moving image

Swans Reflecting Elephants (1937) Salvador Dali

Swans Reflecting Elephants (1937) Salvador Dali

What is Surrealism

 

Surrealism is a literary and artistic movement that began in the 1920s to interpret the creative workings of the subconscious through the juxtaposition of images. The movement defies rational thinking and control with the purpose to liberate the unconscious mind.

Studies and works of Sigmund Freud, Guillaume Apollinaire, Comte de Lautréamont and Karl Marx had great influence on the shaping of the movement.

 

Surrealism in film

Surrealist films use dream-like sequence of actions that can only be portrayed through symbolic language that cannot be understood or interpreted in a rational way. Elements of the everyday life, reworked in an imaginative way. Below are a selection of early exploration of surrealism in the moving image.

Un Chien Andalou (1929) by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dali

 
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The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) dir. Robert Wiene |staircase

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Metropolis (1927) dir. Fritz Lang |eyes

 
 

The Wizard of Oz (1939) dir. Victor Fleming |spirals, smoke

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Dreams That Money Can Buy (1947) dir. Hans Richter |spirals, shapes, mannequins

 
8 1/2 (1963) dir. Federico Fellini |human kite, flight

8 1/2 (1963) dir. Federico Fellini |human kite, flight

 
Orpheus (1950) dir. Jean Cocteau |water as mirror gateways

Orpheus (1950) dir. Jean Cocteau |water as mirror gateways

 
 

The Holy Mountain (1973) dir.  Alejandro Jodorowsky | duplication

 
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A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984) dir. Wes Craven 

A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984) dir. Wes Craven